A. FLIGHT MANUAL

Student should be able to explain:

1. Paperwork from last date of actual weighing to current actual weight and C.G.

2. Consequences of operations outside of W & B envelope on all sides.

3. All operations limitations and reasons for same.

4. All STCs and Flight Manual Supplements applicable to his aircraft.

B. PREFLIGHT

Student should be able to:

1. Recognize potentially hazardous irregularities in aircraft systems and/or structures.

2. Explain proper methods to check or test all aircraft systems.

3. Explain reasons for all items covered on preflight.

4. Make intelligent go/NO go decisions based on malfunctioning or inoperative items under differing conditions.

C. TAKE OFF & DEPARTURE

Student is expected to:

1. Initiate rotation at Vx or minimum safe speed which ever is higher.

2. Maintain Vy or minimum safe speed, whichever is higher, until 1000' AGL or safe return to A/P or water.

3. Maintain maximum available power until 1000' AGL or safe return to A/P or water.

4. Be able to abort a take off at any time without hazard.

5. Trim properly at all times.

6. Make water take offs without porpoise or hop.

7. Make turning (180 deg) water take offs utilizing maximum power at not more than the 90 deg crosswind point.

8. Recover from porpoise, premature ejection from the water or bounce without hazard.

9. Make crosswind water and land take offs, maintaining required direction.

D. LEVEL OFF

Student is expected to:

1. Level off at a predetermined altitude (+/- 100'), heading (+/- 10 deg) and airspeed (+/- 5 KIAS).

2. Maintain climb (MAX) power until acquiring predetermined cruise airspeed.

3. Know what airspeed will result from a predetermined power setting.

4. Maintain a turn or a change in direction while simultaneously leveling off.

E. LEVEL FLIGHT

Student is expected to:

1. Maintain altitude and heading within 100' and 10 deg. while varying airspeed from Vmin to Vmax and changing Gear and Flap configurations.

2. Perform 360 deg co-ordinated turns at up to 45 deg bank within +/- 100' altitude.

3. Perform slow flight at 1.1 Vso including co-ordinated turns up to 30 deg bank within +/- 100' altitude.

F. STALLS

Student is expected to:

1. Demonstrate minimum unaccelerated flight speed (stall speed) within 1 KIAS.

2. Recognize incipient or imminent stall and recover with "0" altitude loss.

3. Recover from stall break with minimum altitude loss and bank angle.

4. Explain the effect of Weight, C.G., Power, "G" loading on stall speeds.

5. Explain proper spin avoidance/recovery procedures.

G. POWER PLANT MANAGEMENT

Student is expected to demonstrate:

1. Maximum performance speed and climb within stated limitations.

2. Leaning techniques utilizing instrumentation installed.

3. Maximum range power settings and techniques.

4. Maximum endurance power settings and techniques.

5. Knowledge of powerplant limitations as installed.

6. Techniques for flooded and VERY cold starting.

7. Knowledge of symptoms of power loss (bad plugs, bad compression, detonation, dirty nozzles, etc.).

H. LET DOWN AND APPROACH

Student is expected to:

1. Judge let down from enroute such that power is continuously reduced with constant IAS.

2. Demonstrate approaches with gear and/or flaps UP until 1/4 mile final.

3. Demonstrate approaches using airspeeds of from 120 KIAS (to 1/4 mile final) down to 1.3 Vso.

4. Fly VFR traffic pattern as directed by ATC or, at uncontrolled airports, a rectangular ground path at a predesignated altitude.

5. Make successful approaches and landings without using power after crossing abeam the threshold on downwind (see emergency landings).

I. LANDINGS

Student is expected to demonstrate:

1. Short field landings, both land and water, using 1.3 Vso as approach speed over an obstacle.

2. X-wind land landings up to X-wind limit, using proper techniques where the R/W centerline is ALWAYS between the main wheels.

3. X-wind water landings utilizing protected areas.

4. Glassy water approaches and landings with minimum transition time after LVR point.

5. Rough water landing techniques and full stall water landings (LA-4 only).

6. No flap landing (land only).

7. Aborted landing from NGT 5' AGL and at 1.1 Vso or slower.

J. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES & FORCED LANDINGS

Student should be able to:

1. Land on any designated airport runway from 1000' AGL above airport without power.

2. Make 180 deg course reversal and return to take off area from NLT 700' AGL without power.

3. Land on designated spot, into the wind, from directly over spot, while traveling in any direction, without power.

4. Judge and demonstrate maximum L/D glide procedures.

5. Demonstrate flight without electrical power.

6. Demonstrate hydraulic operation w/o electrical power or operational electric hydraulic pump.

7. Demonstrate flight with seriously reduced power available.

8. Discuss methods of starting aircraft with little or no electrical power.

K. OTHER WATER OPERATIONS

Student is expected to demonstrate:

1. Proper site evaluation techniques

2. Proper step attitude to minimize water drag and to prevent porpoise.

3. Competence and confidence making on step turns.

4. The ability to maintain a constant WATER speed while on step; upwind, downwind, straight ahead or turning.

5. Ability to get on step and accelerate with reduced power.

6. Effective use of water rudder and ability to turn and taxi aircraft in strong winds.

7. Characteristics of aircraft drift (sailing) in wind without power.

8. Proper beaching procedures and cautions.

9. Proper docking procedures and cautions.

10. Proper ramping procedures and cautions.

11. Proper aircraft securing procedures in water.